The Effect of Gibberellic Acid 3 and 6-Benzylaminopurine in Sugarcane Development and Sugar Accumulation

Sugarcane is an important agricultural crop that belongs to the family Poaceae. An experiment was carried out to study the effect of different concentrations of gibberellic acid 3 (GA3) and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) on the development and sucrose accumulation of two sugarcane varieties, N-41 and R-579. Mother shoots initiated from the bud chips that had been soaked for 24 hours in a solution made from a mixture of various concentrations of GA3 and BAP (0 mg/L GA3 + 0 mg/L BAP (T0,0)), 1 mg/L GA3 + 0.5 mg/L BAP (T1,0.5)), 2 mg/L GA3 + 1 mg/L BAP (T2,1), 3 mg/L GA3 + 1.5 mg/L BAP (T3,1.5)), and 4 mg/L GA3 + 2 mg/L BAP (T4,2)) per liter of water. These shoots were grown in nursery pots and, after 15 days, were transplanted into an experimental plot that was laid out in a randomized complete block design with four replications. The highest average number of stem or cane stalks, internode length, and Pol values of 16.1 and Brix values of 21.17 and 20.9 were observed in treatment T4,2 for sugarcane varieties N41 and R579, respectively. Purity was significantly higher, 86.32 % for variety N-41 from seedlings regenerated in treatment T4,2 and 84.40 % obtained in variety R-579. The results of this study recommended the use of 4 mg/L GA3 and 2 mg/L BAP per liter for optimal development of the sugarcane plant and sucrose accumulation.