Optimization and Scheduling of VPP Under the Electricity Market Mechanism Considering Carbon Emission Costs

With the increasingly prominent energy and environmental problems, distributed energy has been widely used. However, these energy sources also have problems such as high investment costs and instability in the power grid. To address this problem, the concept of virtual power plants (VPPs) has been proposed, which can effectively aggregate widely distributed uncontrollable clean energy sources and improve the stability and efficiency of energy supply. This paper proposes an optimal scheduling method for VPPs considering environmental costs and system operating benefits to achieve optimal operation of the system. Firstly, a scheduling model for VPPs is constructed with the optimization objectives of maximizing system operating benefits and minimizing environmental costs; Considering that the disadvantage of the differential evolution (DE) algorithm lies in the storage problem, and the disadvantage of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) lies in sacrificing the diversity problem among populations, combining DE and PSO to improve their respective shortcomings; Finally, the design case considers three objectives to optimize the output of each energy unit. The simulation results show that the energy output of controllable energy sources will be further controlled after considering environmental costs, thereby reducing environmental costs. In addition, the feasibility and correctness of applying the hybrid algorithm to VPP scheduling are also demonstrated.