Optimizing Wind Energy Integration in Power Systems: Policy Impacts and Unit Commitment Analysis for Decarbonization

To explore the potential for decarbonization through the integration of wind generation into power supply systems, three wind generation capacities are selected for integration into the ISO-New England System. An optimal unit commitment model is built to simulate the baseline conditions and compare the impacts of different wind capacities. Three retrofits to enhance wind integration-implementing carbon taxes, providing wind energy incentives, and retiring coal power plants-are then analyzed. The effectiveness of each policy is evaluated in terms of its impact on the wind curtailment ratio, effects on other generators, operating costs, marginal costs, and generator profits. Based on the analysis, we discuss the strengths and weaknesses of each approach to integrate wind generation and provide recommendations for balancing environmental goals with economic viability in future power system planning.