Pharmacological Evaluation of Anti-anxiety Effect of Polyherbal Powders on Mice Through Locomotion and Behavioral Studies Using Brightness Discrimination

Background: Anxiety disorders are prevalent mental health conditions characterized by excessive fear and behavioural disturbances. Traditional herbal remedies have shown potential in managing anxiety, but their pharmacological validation remains underexplored. This study investigates the anti-anxiety effects of a herbal extract using preclinical behavioural models in mice. Methodology: Mice weighing 20-25g were divided into five groups (n=6 per group): Group 1 (negative control), Group 2 (diazepam-treated; 2 mg/kg), and Group 3, 4, 5 (herbal powders of different concentrations). The anti-anxiety effects were evaluated using three models: IR Actimeter, Open Field Test and Social Behaviour Test (Brightness Discrimination). Results: The negative control group showed higher locomotion counts, more line crossings, and less time in the center square. Diazepam-treated mice displayed reduced counts, fewer line crossings, and increased central square activity. The herbal extract-treated group showed similar results to the diazepam group, suggesting anxiolytic effects. In the social behaviour test, the herbal extract enhanced social interaction, comparable to diazepam. Conclusion: The herbal extract demonstrated significant anxiolytic effects, comparable to diazepam, across all tested models. These findings support its potential as a natural alternative for anxiety management.