Mineralogical and Geochemical Characteristics of Sulfide Chimneys in Hydrothermal Vent Fields: Research Progress and Prospects in the Field of Marine Resources

文章综述了海底热液区硫化物烟囱体的矿物学与地球化学特征研究进展。通过对硫化物烟囱体的形成机制、矿物组成、地球化学特征及其资源潜力的分析，探讨了当前研究现状和未来发展方向。研究表明，硫化物烟囱体富含多种金属元素，具有重要的资源开发价值。然而，深海开采技术、环境影响评估和资源可持续利用等方面仍面临挑战。未来研究应重点关注烟囱体形成演化机制、精细矿物学特征、元素迁移规律以及资源开发与环境保护的平衡，为深海资源的可持续利用提供科学依据。This article provides a comprehensive review of the progress of research on the mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of sulfide chimneys in submarine hydrothermal vent fields. By analyzing the formation mechanisms, mineral composition, geochemical features, and resource potential of sulfide chimneys, the current research status and future development directions are explored. Studies have shown that sulfide chimneys are rich in various metallic elements, holding significant resource development value. However, challenges remain in deep-sea mining technology, environmental impact assessment, and sustainable resource utilization. Future research should focus on the formation and evolution mechanisms of chimneys, detailed mineralogical characteristics, elemental migration patterns, and the balance between resource development and environmental protection, thereby providing a scientific basis for the sustainable utilization of deep-sea resources.