Burst wave conditions for vascular endothelial cells retained on channel wall using lipid bubbles and acoustic interference modulation

Abstract In order to fabricate multi-layered artificial blood vessels, bubble-surrounded cells (BSCs) were retained on the wall in a flow channel using an interferential acoustic field. We measured the cell retention performance using an interferential acoustic field, investigated the effect of burst waves and phase sweeping on increasing the retained area of the cells. First, we compared the retention area of BSCs under exposure to ultrasound with the simulated results of a theoretical model of retention. Next, we compared the retention performance using burst waves with delay times in an interferential acoustic field. Finally, the effect of phase sweeping was also evaluated by cell retention performance at different sweep velocities and duty ratios.