Analysis urban transportation network in Algerian border cities using geographic information system (GIS). Case study of Tébessa city – far northeast

Transportation is one of the most important human activities and services closely linked to place and its activities. It is a sensitive nerve in urban life, which either facilitates or hinders movement within the city through the transport network that is distributed throughout the urban environment to achieve accessibility [Lefèvre and Offner 1990]. The transport network is among the factors responsible for population distribution and its activities, representing the arteries of communication and movement that connect different land uses together. It serves as an indicator of economic and social development, and is one of the most important infrastructure services in the city. To achieve good mobility and accessibility throughout the city, there must be harmony between the urban transport network and the city’s morphological, demographic, and economic data, respond to the population’s transportation requirements and achieving growth and development in various services [Bailly 1979]. Through this study, which addresses the analysis of Tébessa’s urban transport network, considered one of the city’s most important components, using geographic information systems (GIS), the aim is to how well the network meets the needs of the population in terms of accessibility, to identify black spots and to show the most central nodes. The geographic information system utilized the ArcGIS software and network analysis techniques to determine the shortest paths between two points, with the aim to reduce travel distance, save time, and provide alternative routes for more efficient navigation in the city.