Eddy Current Braking-An Auxiliary Brake in Electric Vehicles

Braking systems are critical in any vehicles, including electric vehicles. But, the excessive use of friction brakes results in decreased braking performance and system degradation. Regenerative braking which is widely used in EVs to recover kinetic energy during deceleration, converting it into electrical energy for storage. However, this system becomes inefficient when the battery is fully charged (90-100 %) and unable to store additional energy. Moreover, regenerative braking may not provide sufficient braking force at certain speeds, requiring traditional friction brakes, which leads to increased wear and maintenance. One alternative solution is to use eddy current braking (ECB). Due to the uncertain characteristics of ECB in low speed range integration of eddy current braking as an auxiliary to regenerative braking in electric vehicles (EVs) is suggested. Unlike regenerative braking, eddy current brakes are independent of the battery’s state of charge and offer consistent performance. Real-time speed feedback from a sensor enables dynamic adjustment of the braking force, ensuring effective braking at varying speeds. Experimental results validate the theoretical model, demonstrating efficient braking performance with minimal energy loss. The proposed system provides a non-contact, maintenance-free alternative to mechanical braking, enhancing braking efficiency and safety in EV applications. Additionally, a comparative analysis is conducted between the ECB system and existing braking mechanisms in two-wheelers, evaluating factors such as energy efficiency, braking force, and maintenance requirements. This system aims to design, simulate, and test an integrated system, improving braking efficiency, enhancing safety, and reducing mechanical wear across various operating conditions.