Development of Biodegradable and Sustainable Composites from Agricultural Waste for Tableware Applications

In order to provide a sustainable alternative to single-use plastics, this study explores the development of biodegradable tableware using agricultural waste materials such as rice husk, wheat bran, sugarcane bagasse, and wheat starch. The raw materials were converted into composite tableware products using processes drying, pulverizing, mixing, and compression moulding. The final products were assessed through physicochemical, microbial, and water absorption tests. The results showed that although the tableware showed high biodegradability and compliance with food safety standards, it also had limitations in terms of moisture resistance and microbial stability under humid conditions. Microbiological tests confirmed minimal leaching of substances, and microbial tests demonstrated good hygiene under dry storage.These results imply that the product is appropriate for short-term use, particularly when combined with dry or semi-moist foods, and that coatings or natural antimicrobial agents could be used to increase the product's water resistance and shelf life. All things considered, the project shows how agro-waste can be transformed into useful, environmentally friendly consumer goods, supporting the ideas of the circular economy and providing a workable way to lessen plastic pollution.