Effect of Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy for Chronic Periodontitis Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Clinico-hematological Study

Abstract Introduction: Periodontitis and diabetes both have similar polygenic backgrounds and a relatively widespread prevalence in the general population, with similar clinical risk factors such as smoking, age, psychological stress, and neutrophil functional alterations. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of scaling and root planning (SRP) on glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methodology: A total of 30 patients were randomly allocated into the treatment group and control group. The treatment group underwent SRP procedure, and those in the control group received no intervention throughout the study. Clinical periodontal parameters such as clinical attachment level, gingival index (GI), probing depth (PD), and blood samples were taken to evaluate the level of HbA1c at baseline and after 3 months. Results: The results obtained in the present study confirm that there is a significant improvement in HbA1c values and clinical parameters values in experimental as compared to the control group. Conclusion: Among the clinical variables studied, PD, clinical attachment level, periodontal index, and GI showed a statistically significant difference between the groups after periodontal treatment. The diabetic patients showed an improvement in their metabolic control after 3 months as measured by HbA1c levels.