Theorizing the Work-Family Interaction Process in Nurses in Intensive Care Units: A Constructivist Grounded Theory Research Protocol

Background: Work-family interaction is defined as a process in which the functioning behavior) of a worker in one domain (e.g., home) is influenced by strain reactions (negative or positive) accumulated in the other domain (e.g., work). Previous studies have reported work-family interaction as challenging and considered one of the most prevalent psychosocial risks in Chile. Among occupational groups, nursing has been highlighted as one of the most affected due to the high representation of women in the profession and demanding working conditions. However, limited research has explored work-family interaction as a social process, particularly within the context of critical care units which are characterized by high levels of stress. Aim: To theorize the work-family interaction process among nurses in intensive care units. Design: A qualitative study will be conducted using constructivist grounded theory, underpinned by symbolic interactionism as the theoretical-methodological framework. Methods: The sampling strategy will be intentional and theoretical. Data collection will involve in-depth interviews, non-participant observations, and document analysis. The study will take place in two inpatient healthcare centers in Chile—one public and one private—one of which is the largest in the country. Data analysis will use constant comparison methods and multilevel coding. To ensure rigor, the project is structured according to the 13 criteria proposed by Charmaz and Thornberg for constructivist grounded theory studies. The project has been approved by the Scientific Ethics Committee. Conclusion: The resulting theory will offer valuable insights into the work-family interaction process among nurses in intensive care units, providing a solid theoretical foundation for its understanding and subsequent management. It is anticipated to be useful for education in the field, institutional decision-makers, and the development of public policies.