STUDY OF BIOFERTILIZER POTENTIAL OF AZOTOBACTER CHROOCOCCUM FROM DIFFERENT REGIONS OF TURKESTAN

Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (NPK) are essential nutrients in the soil, vital for protein synthesis and plant growth. Among these, nitrogen is the most significant but is often scarce in the soil due to leaching and volatilization. Although atmospheric nitrogen is abundant, it is unavailable to plants without conversion. Azotobacter Chroococcum, a free-living nitrogen-fixing bacterium, can assimilate atmospheric nitrogen, converting it into bioavailable forms that enhance soil fertility. This study focused on isolating Azotobacter Chroococcum from soil samples in the Turkistan region, Shymkent city (Katyn-kopir, Samal, and Sairam areas) using the spot method. Isolates were characterized using Ashby medium, microscopic analysis, and Gram staining. Optimal pH and concentration conditions for growth were identified, and the impact of Azotobacter Chroococcum on plant growth and soil characteristics was evaluated. Azotobacter chroococcum was detected in the Katyn bridge area, forming dark brown colonies. Nitrate solubilization tests demonstrated significant activity by A. chroococcum, with peak solubilization observed at 7 days. Treatment of plants with A. chroococcum enhanced root development compared to untreated controls. Post-treatment soil analysis indicated increased fertility, with higher nutrient content beneficial for plant growth. The results highlight the potential of A. chroococcum as a biofertilizer, contributing to sustainable agricultural practices.