ANALYSIS OF DESIGNS OF BATCH CONE SOWING MACHINES OF BREEDING SEEDERS

Cone sowing machines are mechanical devices that dose seeds by batch selection, uniform distribution of seeds around the perimeter of the cone base and sowing through an ejector device on short plots with the possibility of implementing inter-tiered tracks and simultaneous sowing of different varieties on adjacent rows. Such a seeding scheme makes it convenient to conduct phenological observations of various plant varieties and exclude intersort mixing. (Research purpose) The research purpose is to review and to analyze the designs and technical characteristics of the batch cone sowing machines of the breeding seeders of the second and third stages of breeding work for sowing grain and other crops on experimental plots. (Materials and methods) Presented an overview of batch cone sowing machines for sowing various crops for breeding and primary seed production. We analyzed various design solutions and noted the most rational elements of designs of batch cone sowing machines. (Results and discussion) An overview of breeding seeders equipped with various dosing systems, cone seed distribution and short-distance seeding methods was given. (Conclusions) It was determined that at the moment the distribution of seeds over short distances is still relevant and this can only be realized by cone sowing machines so far. It has been shown that the further development of domestic agricultural machinery will be associated with the intensive introduction of automated control and control systems for the technological process of dosing, distribution and realization of the possibility of sowing different doses of seeds and plant varieties. It was stated that the analysis of the designs of the presented samples of portioned cone sowing machines demonstrated important development directions for improving the technical level and improving machines and technologies for selective sowing of crops.