ANALYSIS OF EFFICIENCY OF HEAT ACCUMULATORS FOR SOLAR HEAT SUPPLY OF RURAL HOUSES

Currently, one of the significant tasks in creating an optimal microclimate in typical rural houses is to provide them with reliable heat. Autonomous hybrid heat supply systems using solar energy are an alternative to solve this problem. (Research purpose) The research purpose is analyzing the efficiency of various heat storage materials and determine the thermal capacity of the heat accumulator for solar heat supply systems of typical rural houses with underfloor heating. (Materials and methods) A hybrid rural house heating system with underfloor heating and a thermal energy accumulator is proposed. Heat storage materials have the ability to accumulate a significant amount of heat due to their high heat capacity and thermal conductivity. This allows them to be effectively used in heating systems of typical rural houses with underfloor heating. The analysis of the thermophysical properties of various heat-storing materials was carried out using the methods of thermodynamic analysis, thermal measurements and experimental studies. (Results and discussion) Based on the studies carried out, it was found that in the conditions of the Karshi district of Uzbekistan, the total heat output required to maintain an optimal temperature (18-25 degrees Celsius) in a typical rural house with a heating area of 144 square meters is 13.5-14.0 kilowatts, depending on changes in the meteorological parameters of the terrain. The effectiveness of the use of a thermal accumulator with underfloor heating in the solar heat supply system is substantiated. It is proved that the thermal capacity of heat accumulators with water is 8.4 kilowatts, with paraffin - 5.6 kilowatts, with pyrolysis liquid - 6.8 kilowatts, and with a mixture of oils - 6.0 kilowatts. The use of paraffin as a heat accumulator in the heating system of a typical rural house with underfloor heating is an effective solution to improve energy efficiency and comfortable conditions. The paraffin battery effectively accumulates and distributes heat, reduces room temperature fluctuations and reduces thermal energy consumption. However, for the successful implementation of the system, it is necessary to take into account temperature restrictions, installation costs and additional thermal insulation measures. (Conclusions) As a result of the conducted research, it was established that the average thermal load of a typical rural house with an area of 144 square meters in the conditions of the south of the Republic of Uzbekistan is about 14 kilowatts. It was found that the use of a heat accumulator with water provides up to 60 percent savings in thermal energy in the heating system of a rural typical house, 48.5 percent with pyrolysis liquid, 40-45 percent with paraffin. Using heat-accumulating materials, it is possible to significantly reduce heat loss, as well as increase the overall efficiency of the heating system of typical rural houses. This is especially important in heating systems with variable heat load, when peaks in heat energy consumption occur periodically.