Improvement of Control of the Mechatronic System of Injection of the Internal Combustion Engine of the Car

Modern methods and technical solutions used in mechatronic fuel-air injection systems are analyzed to reduce emissions, improve dynamic characteristics and efficiency of the internal combustion engine of a car. The strengths and weaknesses of resonant, mechanical and gas turbine approaches to supercharging are considered. Attention is paid to the pulsed method of supercharging using air-cycle valves, which has not yet been used in internal combustion engines and it is assumed that an injection system equipped with a pulse supercharging device with air-cycle valves is capable of reducing fuel consumption, reducing the content of harmful substances in exhaust gases, and increasing torque in the low and medium speed ranges for existing designs of gasoline and diesel internal combustion engines. An integrated mathematical model has been developed that combines electrical and mechanical components, provides the possibility of numerical analysis of the dynamic properties of the electromagnetic drive, as well as modeling of the controlled object when creating methods and algorithms for the operation of the control system. A method of controlling a high-speed electromagnetic mechanism of the resonant type has been developed, which allows ensuring the minimum anchor landing speed at a given switching time, even under conditions of external disturbing influences. A variant of creating an adaptive control system for such a mechanism without using specialized sensors to determine the position and speed of the executive body has been proposed. A feature of the approach is that the final anchor landing speed is regulated based on the analysis of the current and voltage characteristics of the electromagnetic mechanism control windings. A method for determining the initial parameters for tuning the electromagnet control algorithm is presented.