Diffusion of the interrogative pronoun Sha ' 啥' from Mandarin to Wu: A view of dialect contact

摘要: 本文是一项吴语虚词史的研究，探讨吴语疑问代词 "啥" 的来源。一 般认为吴语的 "啥" 来源于 "什么" 类的合音，可是吴语声母存在清 浊对立，需要解释为何 "什" 类浊声母在吴语中合音的结果是清声母 的 "啥" 。文章首先讨论了 "啥" 在吴语中的地理分布样态和表意功 能差异，然后构拟了其早期语音形式。在此基础上，文章主张 "啥" 的合音是在宋代汴洛地区完成的，而吴语中的 "啥" 则是宋室南渡之 后，由汴洛移民带入的成分。 ABSTRACT: This article focuses on the source of the interrogative pronoun sha '啥' in Wu dialects, which is a case study of Wu dialects' historical syntax. It is generally believed that sha '啥' of Wu dialects comes from the fusing of shenme '什么', but this solution has the following problems: Wu dialects have voiced initials, so sha '啥' which is voiceless initial cann't come from shenme '什么'. The article first discusses the geographical distribution and function differences of sha '啥' in Wu dialect, and then reconstructs its early phonetic form. We hypothesize that the fusing of shenme '什么' were considered in the Bianluo area of the Song Dynasty, and then sha '啥' was brought into Wu dialects via the Song southern migration.