Research Advances of ATAD2 in Urological Malignancies

泌尿系肿瘤作为严重危害人类健康的疾病类型，其年发病率持续处于较高水平。在前列腺癌、膀胱癌及肾细胞癌等主要类型中，相关研究已取得显著进展，然而晚期的诊断时机、术后复发风险以及耐药性问题仍导致患者预后效果不理想。深入探究其发病机制对实现早期诊治具有重要价值。近年研究发现，ATAD2蛋白在肿瘤进展过程中扮演着关键角色。作为一种进化保守的溴域家族成员，ATAD2通过其ATP酶结构域与溴结构域介导生物学效应，既能作为表观遗传调控因子，又可发挥转录辅助激活功能，进而调控细胞增殖、分化、凋亡及迁移等核心生物学过程。本综述将系统阐述ATAD2在泌尿系肿瘤领域的研究进展。Urological tumors, which significantly threaten human health, continue to exhibit a high annual incidence rate. Considerable progress has been made in research on major types, such as prostate cancer, bladder cancer, and renal cell carcinoma. However, late-stage diagnosis, the risk of postoperative recurrence, and issues with drug resistance contribute to unsatisfactory patient outcomes. An in-depth exploration of their pathogenesis holds great value for achieving early diagnosis and treatment. Recent studies have identified the ATAD2 protein as playing a critical role in tumor progression. As an evolutionarily conserved member of the bromodomain family, ATAD2 mediates biological effects through its ATPase domain and bromodomain, functioning both as an epigenetic regulator and a transcriptional co-activator. This regulation impacts core biological processes, such as cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and migration. This review aims to systematically elucidate the research progress of ATAD2 in the field of urological tumors.