Dynamic Modeling and Stability Analysis of Plasmodium Infection Based on Holling Type II Functional Response

疟疾是由按蚊传播的典型媒介传染病，一直以来是全球公共卫生领域的重大挑战。本文基于生物数学建模理论，构建了带有Holling第II型功能反应函数模型，描述红细胞–染虫红细胞–免疫效应(NETs)三者的动力学行为。我们定性分析了当 R 0 ≤1 时，无病平衡点 E 0 全局渐近稳定；当 1 R 0 1+ η σ ( α+ β d ) 时，边界平衡点 E 1 局部渐近稳定；当 R 0 >1+ η σ ( α+ β d ) 时，正平衡点 E ∗ 局部渐近稳定。本文研究在一定程度上为疟疾防控提供理论支持和实践指导。Malaria, a vector-borne disease transmitted by Anopheles mosquitoes, remains a major global public health concern. Based on the theory of biomathematical modeling, in this study, we develop a dynamic model incorporating Holling type II functional response to characterize interactions among erythrocytes, malaria-infected erythrocytes, and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) as immune effectors. We qualitatively analyzed that when R 0 ≤1 , the disease-free equilibrium point E 0 is globally asymptotically stable; when 1 R 0 1+ η σ ( α+ β d ) , the boundary equilibrium point E 1 is locally asymptotically stable; when R 0 >1+ η σ ( α+ β d ) , the positive equilibrium point E ∗ is locally asymptotically stable. This study aims to provide theoretical support and practical guidance for malaria control.