Research Progress of External Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Alopecia

目的：通过整理中医外治法治疗脱发的相关文献，总结中医外治法在脱发治疗上的临床应用。方法：检索并整理2010年至2022年间知网、维普、万方、中国生物医学等数据库中有关应用“中医外治法”、“针法”、“灸法”、“皮肤针法”、“穴位注射”、“穴位埋线”、“熏洗”、“外洗”、“耳针”、“电针”、“放血”等治疗“脱发”、“斑秃”、“脂溢性脱发”、“雄激素源性脱发”的文献。分析当前中医外治脱发的临床应用方法、优势与不足。结果：中医外治法在治疗各类脱发上均能够取得良好的疗效，外治综合疗法、内外合治收效更佳。但当前的临床研究的科学性与准确性相对欠缺，对辨证论治重视不足，有待进一步的研究，以期为临床治疗提供更好的思路。Objective: To summarize the clinical application of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) external therapies in the treatment of alopecia by reviewing relevant literature. Methods: Literature on the treatment of “alopecia”, “alopecia areata”, “seborrheic alopecia”, and “androgenetic alopecia” using “TCM external therapies”, “acupuncture”, “moxibustion”, “cutaneous acupuncture”, “acupoint injection”, “acupoint embedding”, “fumigation and washing”, “external washing”, “auricular acupuncture”, “electroacupuncture”, and “bloodletting” from 2010 to 2022 was retrieved and organized from databases such as CNKI, VIP, Wanfang, and China Biology Medicine. The current clinical application methods, advantages, and limitations of TCM external therapies for alopecia were analyzed. Results: TCM external therapies can achieve good therapeutic effects in treating various types of alopecia, with combined external and internal treatments yielding better results. However, the current clinical research lacks scientific rigor and accuracy, and there is insufficient emphasis on syndrome differentiation and treatment. Further research is needed to provide better ideas for clinical treatment.