The Real Dilemma and the Natural Approach of Data-Driven Precision Teaching of Ideological and Political Courses in Colleges and Universities

迈入大数据时代，数据驱动的高校思政课精准教学无疑成为了这一时代教学范式的必然变革。它不仅能够满足学生多样化的学习需求，还能避免评价中的“功利化”和“形式化”倾向，推动教学范式向科学化方向发展。然而，由于大数据应用具有双刃剑的特性，高校思政课精准教学也面临着前所未有的挑战。具体表现为学生认知偏差与数据收集的困难、教师数据素养不足与教学实施的短板、教材内容与数据应用的脱节、数据隐私与安全问题的严峻性、技术平台与资源支持的不足，以及教育主体协同不足与动态反馈机制的缺失。为解决数据驱动高校思政课精准教学的困境，需要形成以学生为中心的数字育人共识，打造一支智能型思政课教师队伍，建立完善的数据管理制度，并推动优质数字育人资源的均衡配置，构建“数据–教学–评价”动态反馈闭环机制，从而促进高校思政课精准教学的优化与完善。Entering the era of big data, the data-driven precision teaching of ideological and political courses in colleges and universities has undoubtedly become an inevitable change in the teaching paradigm of this era. It can not only meet the diversified learning needs of students, but also avoid the tendency of “utilitarianism” and “formalization” in evaluation, and promote the development of teaching paradigm to the scientific direction. However, because the application of big data has the characteristics of double-edged sword, the precision teaching of ideological and political courses in colleges and universities is also facing unprecedented challenges. Specifically, it is manifested in the cognitive bias of students and the difficulty of data collection, the lack of data literacy of teachers and the shortcomings of teaching implementation, the disconnect between textbook content and data application, the severity of data privacy and security issues, the lack of technical platform and resource support, and the lack of cooperation and dynamic feedback mechanism of educational subjects. In order to solve the dilemma of data-driven accurate teaching of ideological and political courses in colleges and universities, it is necessary to form a student-centered digital education consensus, build an intelligent team of ideological and political teachers, establish a sound data management system, promote the balanced allocation of high-quality digital education resources, and build a dynamic feedback closed-loop mechanism of “data-teaching-evaluation”. So as to promote the optimization and perfection of precise teaching of ideological and political courses in colleges and universities.