A nomogram model based on MRI for discriminating Warthin’s tumor from pleomorphic adenomas: a retrospective observational study

To establish a nomogram model using MRI characteristics for differentiating Warthin's tumors (WT) from pleomorphic adenomas (PA) in parotid gland tumors, aiming to enhance management strategies. A retrospective observational study included patients with histopathologically confirmed WT or PA who underwent preoperative enhanced MRI from 2010 to 2023. Clinical and MRI data were analyzed to identify independent risk factors using multivariable logistic regression. A nomogram was constructed and internally validated using bootstrap resampling. 56 patients (32 WT, 24 PA) were analyzed. Significant differences in gender, age, degree of enhancement, and enhancement pattern were identified. The nomogram based on these factors demonstrated high predictive accuracy with an area under the ROC curve of 0.9909. The nomogram model presents a standardized quantitative method to differentiate WT from PA based on MRI characteristics, potentially improving diagnostic accuracy and patient management in parotid gland tumor diagnosis.