Confronting Drug Issues at Kelantan-Thailand Border: In-depth inquiry from internal and external stakeholders

Drug issues are a long-standing problem that has significantly impacted all countries in the world. The aim of this paper is to explore the drug issues involving the dyad stakeholders who deal with the drug issues in Kelantan-Thailand borders —enforcement agencies and community leaders. The findings indicate that drug issues in Kelantan-Thailand borders are serious. Among the internal challenges faced, including enforcement measures; lack of capacity; and integrity issues. The external challenges include geographical and cultural challenges; community awareness, participation, and engagement; and legal measures. Thus, to effectively combat the severity of drug issues in Kelantan and Malaysia, particularly, it is crucial to continually strengthen the roles and responsibilities of both enforcement agencies and the community.