A Technical Analysis of Biofuel Production from Dairy Waste Sludge for Sustainable Environment

Abstract Ensuring a clean and secure environment has consistently presented a difficulty for researchers worldwide. In order to accomplish this objective, attention has been drawn to biofuels. The current study investigates the synthesis of biodiesel from stimulated composite sludge. A transesterification method was developed by examining the effects of process variables including preheating temperature, reaction time, methanol‐to‐oil ratio and catalyst concentration in order to estimate the lowest feasible viscosity and maximum ester recovery. The optimum kinematic viscosity (3.4 cSt) with ester recovery (78.93 %) was obtained by preheating dairy waste sludge at a 5:1 molar ratio to 40 °C and keeping that temperature for 40 min in the existence of 1 % KOH. These findings were based on the measurements of biofuel recovery and kinematic viscosity.