The Kodaira classification of the moduli of hyperelliptic curves

We study the birational geometry of the moduli spaces of hyperelliptic curves with marked points. We show that these moduli spaces have non-<inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="double-struck upper Q"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mi mathvariant="double-struck">Q</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">\mathbb {Q}</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula>-factorial singularities. We complete the Kodaira classification by proving that these spaces have Kodaira dimension <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="4 g plus 3"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>4</mml:mn> <mml:mi>g</mml:mi> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">4g+3</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> when the number of markings is <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="4 g plus 6"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>4</mml:mn> <mml:mi>g</mml:mi> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mn>6</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">4g+6</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> and are of general type when the number of markings is <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="n greater-than-or-equal-to 4 g plus 7"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> <mml:mo>≥</mml:mo> <mml:mn>4</mml:mn> <mml:mi>g</mml:mi> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mn>7</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">n\geq 4g+7</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula>. Similarly, we consider the natural finite cover given by ordering the Weierstrass points. In this case, we provide a full Kodaira classification showing that the Kodaira dimension is negative when <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="n less-than-or-equal-to 3"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> <mml:mo>≤</mml:mo> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">n\leq 3</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula>, one when <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="n equals 4"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mn>4</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">n=4</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula>, and of general type when <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="n greater-than-or-equal-to 5"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> <mml:mo>≥</mml:mo> <mml:mn>5</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">n\geq 5</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula>. For this, we carry out a singularity analysis of ordered and unordered pointed Hurwitz spaces. We show that the ordered space has canonical singularities and the unordered space has noncanonical singularities. We describe all noncanonical points and show that pluricanonical forms defined on the full regular locus extend to any resolution. Further, we provide a full classification of the structure of the pseudo-effective cone of Cartier divisors for the moduli space of hyperelliptic curves with marked points. We show the cone is nonpolyhedral when the number of markings is at least two and polyhedral in the remaining cases.