ALK negative inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the gallbladder origin as polyp: a rare case report

Introduction and importance: Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is an uncommon neoplastic entity characterized by the proliferation of myofibroblastic spindle cells accompanied by an inflammatory infiltrate. While IMTs have been reported in various organs, their occurrence in the gallbladder is exceptionally rare. Case presentation: This case report explores a unique instance of anaplastic lymphoma kinase-negative IMT arising as a polyp in the gallbladder. Clinical discussion: Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor predominantly affects children and adolescents, with the age range typically spanning from 2 to 16 years. The clinical presentation varies based on the organ involved, manifesting as a mass effect, fever, weight loss, pain, or organ-specific symptoms. Notably, gallbladder involvement can lead to acute cholecystitis, biliary colic, obstructive jaundice, and cholangitis if the common bile duct is affected. The gold standard for diagnosis remains histopathological examination, complemented by immunohistochemical analysis. The management of IMT primarily involves complete surgical resection, with laparoscopic cholecystectomy being the preferred treatment for localized gallbladder lesions. Conclusion: Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the gallbladder is an extremely rare neoplasm with unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.