Analysis of the Working Principle and Characteristic Parameters of Surge Protective Device (SPD) Components

This paper summarizes the working principles of commonly used surge protective device (SPD) components, including zinc oxide varistors, semiconductors, and gas discharge tubes. The characteristic parameters of each component are analyzed, and their critical state parameters are presented. It is suggested that a combination of multiple component's consideration can be given to the design and application of surge protectors. This research provides valuable references for the design and application of SPD.