Kinematic and technological possibilities of enhancing efficiency of jaw crushers in mining industry

The aim of the work is to develop a highly efficient method for rock disintegration, such that ensures resource saving by reducing energy consumption and increasing standard quality product yield at the maximum process efficiency, which makes it possible to create a new generation of high-performance and low-energy crushing machines based on jaw crushers with simple jaw movement. Concurrently, the recommendations for their use in ore pretreatment and in the construction industry are justified with regard to various advantages and disadvantages. The most efficient design of a mechanism adapted to crushing strong and abrasive rocks belongs to a crusher with a simple jaw movement. Efficiency of the developed method of rock disintegration is proposed to be evaluated by an indicator of theoretical productivity, with its limit value as maximum volume (mass) of initial rock particle in one revolution of crank (eccentric) of crusher’s movable jaw drive. In this case, the deformation force condition for the rupture of all particles of different cross dimensions in the crushing chamber during the accepted period is created by kinematic movement of a working tool, which includes movement of both cheeks towards their total approach according to the specified law. As a result, each horizontal row of particles is provided with the total linear deformation of their rupture into separate parts at a single force contact of the tool with the rock. The developed method is protected by the Russian Federation Patent No. 2792424, and makes it possible to implement a multi-cycle process of surface–volume fracture in a single cycle, which increases productivity by an order of magnitude and reduces the specific energy consumption of the crushing process by the same amount.