Experimental study on the long-term stability and thermal cycling endurance of micro-tubular solid oxide fuel cells and stacks using ammonia

Ammonia is a high-energy density, carbon-free, and easily transportable clean fuel, making it highly suitable for significant applications in portable and mobile scenarios when combined with micro-tubular solid oxide fuel cells (mTSOFCs). However, there is still a lack of research on the long-term stability and stack integration of mTSOFCs based on direct ammonia fuel. This study proposes a two-segment cell structure that effectively separates the ammonia decomposition and electrochemical reaction processes. The cell sample demonstrated good stability during continuous stable discharge for 1,039 h and 61 rapid thermal cycles. Furthermore, an 8-cell stack was constructed, achieving a peak power output of 30.89 W at 750 ℃, with the ability to operate continuously for over 32.1 h and showing no significant degradation over 15 rapid thermal cycles, highlighting its potential for future applications.