How Is It Possible to Stop Manufacturing Capitalism: Are Examination of John Holloway’s Radical Critical Theory

约翰·霍洛威是开放马克思主义的重要代表人物之一，以“停止制造资本主义”的强烈呼喊成为国外激进左翼中的翘楚。他拒斥对于马克思的“黑格尔式解读”，而是通过阿多诺的否定辩证法将阶级斗争理解为“非同一性的运动”。一方面，霍洛威认为要以“积极行动”代替“消极劳动”，劳动解放才可以实现；另一方面，霍洛威也强调要从“非同一性”缝隙中完成对于资本主义自下而上的持续性“裂解”。霍洛威提出的此种非夺权式裂解资本主义的革命方案为资本主义宰制之下，个体如何重构希望提供了新的思路。然而，从马克思的视域来看，霍洛威的理论仍具有一定的局限性。回到马克思主义的生产范式，对霍洛威“停止制造资本主义”观点展开批判和反思，或可得出更为真实确切的结论。John Holloway is one of the important representatives of open Marxism, and has become a leader among radical leftists abroad with his strong call to “stop manufacturing capitalism”. He rejected the “Hegelian interpretation” of Marx and instead understood class struggle as a “movement of non identity” through Adorno’s negation dialectics. On the one hand, Holloway believes that labor liberation can only be achieved by replacing “passive labor” with “positive action”; On the other hand, Holloway also emphasized the need to complete the sustained “fragmentation” of capitalism from bottom to top through the gap of “non identity”. The revolutionary plan proposed by Holloway, which is a non power grabbing approach to the disintegration of capitalism, provides new ideas for how individuals can reconstruct hope under the domination of capitalism. However, from Marx’s perspective, Holloway’s theory still has certain limitations. Returning to the production paradigm of Marxism, criticizing and reflecting on Holloway’s viewpoint of “stopping the manufacture of capitalism” may lead to more authentic and precise conclusions.