Echocardiography-Based Pulmonary Artery Pulsatility Index Correlates with Outcomes in Patients with Acute Pulmonary Embolism

<b>Objectives</b>: The pulmonary artery pulsatility index (PAPI) is a novel hemodynamic parameter that reflects right ventricular (RV) function. PAPI was shown to be useful in predicting outcomes following left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation, acute RV infarction, and in patients with chronic RV failure. The standard method to estimate PAPI is during right heart catheterization (RHC); however, echocardiography-based PAPI was also shown to be accurate. In the current study, we evaluated the ability of echocardiography-based PAPI to predict outcomes of patients with acute pulmonary embolism (PE). <b>Methods</b>: A total of 177 patients (mean age 67 ± 15, 54.1% male) with acute PE were included in the study. PAPI was calculated based on measurements from standard transthoracic echocardiography. <b>Results</b>: 27% of patients needed oxygen support, 5.6% were on mechanical ventilation, and 7.3% were on inotropic support. The 30-day mortality rate in the whole cohort was 8.3%. Lower PAPI measurements were associated with increased 30-day mortality (<i>p</i> < 0.05), a higher rate of RV failure (<i>p</i> < 0.001), and the need for inotropic support (<i>p</i> < 0.05). There was no association between PAPI and the need for oxygen support (<i>p</i> = 0.59), mechanical ventilation (0.06), or length of stay (LOS) (<i>p</i> = 0.414). PAPI was superior to tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) in predicting mortality and RV failure. <b>Conclusions:</b> Echocardiography-derived PAPI is feasible and superior over TAPSE in predicting RV failure and mortality among patients with acute PE.