Leptin: Biological Functions and Metabolic Regulation in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Background: The exponential rise of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) presents significant health challenges.  Leptin is an adipokine mostly produced by white adipose tissue and is involved in regulating appetite and energy balance. Leptin modulates blood glucose levels by either central effects or peripheral effects. Objective: This review explores the biological functions and role of leptin in the pathophysiology of T2DM.Also, it aims to improve disease prediction accuracy, offer new insights into the pathophysiology, and contribute to future prevention efforts. The primary objective is to highlight leptin's biological role in T2DM.Method: The authors collected data from PubMed, Google Scholar, Research Gate, Science Direct, Elsevier, and others. The objective was to collect as much information as possible from articles using the keywords leptin and T2DM.  Conclusion: This review explores the role of leptin in T2DM, highlighting the need for multifaceted management due to its increasing prevalence and public health implications. Leptin is a potentially viable therapeutic target for T2DM.