A new limonoid from the fruits of <i>Citrus medica</i> var. <i>sarcodactylus</i> (Siebold ex Hoola van Nooten) Swingle

A new limonoid named ethyl nomilinate (<b>1</b>) and 10 known limonoids (<b>2-11</b>) were isolated from the fruits of <i>Citrus medica</i> var. <i>sarcodactylus</i> (Siebold ex Hoola van Nooten) Swingle. Their structures were elucidated by HRESIMS and NMR analyses. Electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations confirmed the absolute configuration of <b>1</b>. Moreover, the absolute configuration of <b>5</b> was unambiguously determined for the first time through single-crystal X-ray crystallographic. Except for compounds <b>4</b> and <b>7-8</b>, all other compounds were isolated from the fruits of <i>C. medica</i> var. <i>sarcodactylus</i> (Siebold ex Hoola van Nooten) Swingle for the first time. All compounds were screened for antiadipogenic effects in human hepatoblastoma HepG2 cells. Notably, compounds <b>6</b> and <b>10</b> exhibited significant antiadipogenic activities with TG scavenging rates of 43.59 ± 5.23% and 36.65 ± 4.88% at 20 μM, respectively.