Numerical Study on Flow and Heat Transfer Characteristics of Sodium Alginate Nanofluid in Corrugated Tubes Containing Porous Medium

本研究通过对海藻酸钠–四氧化三铁纳米流体在多孔介质波纹管内流动与传热特性的分析，旨在提升光伏系统的冷却效果，解决光伏板温度分布不均的问题。首先，我们测量并拟合海藻酸钠纳米流体的导热系数公式，选用Maxwell本构方程来描述其粘弹性特性。接着，将本构方程和导热系数公式作为参数文件导入求解器中进行模拟，展示光伏表面温度分布等图像，并分析不同物理参数对光伏系统性能的影响。结果显示，多孔介质可以增加流体与壁面的接触，提高传热效率。加入四氧化三铁纳米粒子还能优化光伏板的温度分布，减少局部热点。不同多孔固体基质材料对系统性能有不同的影响。缩短松弛时间可以提高海藻酸钠纳米流体对温度变化的适应性，同时降低光伏板表面温度。This study aims to improve the cooling effect of the photovoltaic system and solve the problem of uneven temperature distribution of photovoltaic panels by analyzing the flow and heat transfer characteristics of sodium alginate-ferric oxide nanofluid in corrugated tubes with porous medium. First, we measure and fit the thermal conductivity formula of sodium alginate nanofluid and then use the Maxwell constitutive equation to describe its viscoelastic properties. Next, we import the constitutive equation and thermal conductivity formula into the solver as parameter files for simulation. The simulation displays images such as the temperature distribution on the photovoltaic surface. We also analyze the effects of different parameters on the performance of the photovoltaic system. The results show that porous medium can increase the contact between fluid and wall surface and improve heat transfer efficiency. Adding ferric oxide nanoparticles can also optimize the temperature distribution of photovoltaic panels and reduce local hot spots. Different porous solid matrix materials have varying effects on system performance. Shortening the relaxation time improves the adaptability of sodium alginate nanofluid to temperature changes and reduces the surface temperature of photovoltaic panels.