Path Loss Characterization of Non-Line-of-Sight Underwater Joint Scattering Channels

目前，非视距水下无线光通信的研究主要集中在水中粒子对光子的散射作用，利用水中粒子的多次散射来实现传输。然而，在近海面场景中，粗糙海面对光子的散射作用同样不容忽视。文章充分考虑粗糙海面的散射作用，提出建立激光水下联合散射信道，利用粗糙海面和水中粒子共同散射进行传输，并仿真分析了不同传输距离、海水环境、海面粗糙度以及收发机系统配置对联合散射信道路径损耗的影响。研究结果为非视距水下无线光通信系统的设计与优化提供了重要的理论支持。Currently, research on non-line-of-sight underwater wireless optical communication mainly focuses on the scattering effect of particles in the water on photons and utilizes the multiple scattering of particles in the water to realize transmission. However, in the near-sea surface scenario, the scattering effect of the rough sea surface on photons should not be neglected as well. In this paper, the scattering effect of rough sea surface is fully considered, and it is proposed to establish a laser underwater joint scattering channel, which utilizes the joint scattering of rough sea surface and water particles for transmission. The effects of different transmission distances, seawater environment, sea surface roughness, and transceiver system configuration on the path loss of the joint scattering channel are simulated and analyzed. The results provide important theoretical support for the design and optimization of non-line-of-sight underwater wireless optical communication systems.