Impact of Licorice Extract Foliar Application on Some Growth and Yield Parameters on Wheat Grown under Water Stress Conditions.

This experiment was conducted with the wheat cultivar Sakha 93 (Triticum aestivum L.) throughout the two growing winters of the 2022–2023 and 2023–2024 seasons. The experiment tried to increase wheat growth and yield under varying levels of water stress (100, 75, and 50% of evapotranspiration ETc) by spraying licorice extract at varied concentrations (0, 5, and 10 g/l) under a sprinkler irrigation system. These treatments represented optimal water stress, moderate water supply, and severe water supply circumstances, respectively. In the Belbeis area of the El Sharkia Governorate, Egypt, a private orchard grows wheat on sandy loam soil under water stress. According to the results, it was found that the best results were always in favor of the interaction between 100% of evapotranspiration and spraying with 10 grams of licorice extract, except for the water productivity trait, where the best results were with irrigation with 75% of ETc and spraying application with 10 grams of licorice extract. Therefore, we recommend irrigation with 75% of evapotranspiration and spraying with 10 grams of licorice extract, as it achieves commercial growth, yield characteristics and water productivity of the wheat cultivar Sakha 93, while saving 25% of irrigation water, this is very important and necessary because of the scarcity of water nowadays.