Association of Helicobacter Pylori Seropositivity with Emesis and Hyperemesis Gravidarum: Comparative Cross Sectional Study

Objectives: To investigate the relation between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) seropositivity and the occurrence of emesis and hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) in pregnant women.Study Design: A comparative cross-sectional study.Subjects and Methods: A ninety pregnant cases were involved and divided into three equal groups: Group A consisted of women diagnosed with hyperemesis gravidarum, Group B included women with emesis gravidarum, and Group C served as a control group of healthy pregnant women without emesis or HG. Detailed clinical evaluation, laboratory investigations, and serological assessment for H. pylori IgG were performed. The H. pylori seropositivity prevalence and antibody titer levels were compared across the groups.Results: H. pylori seropositivity was considerably higher in Group A (70%) and Group B (66.7%) compared to the controls (36.7%) (p = 0.016). The mean H. pylori IgG antibody titer was also significantly elevated in women with HG (45.97 ± 25.31 U/ml) and emesis gravidarum (45.23 ± 22.91 U/ml) compared to the control group (24.18 ± 16.54 U/ml) (p = 0.001).Conclusion: This study demonstrates a significant association between H. pylori seropositivity and the presence of HG and emesis gravidarum in pregnant women.