Outcome of Liver Transplantation in Patients with HCV Related Liver Cirrhosis: Review Article

Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related liver cirrhosis is a leading indication for liver transplantation (LT) globally. Despite advances in antiviral therapies, recurrence of HCV post-transplant remains a significant challenge, impacting graft survival and case outcomes. The introduction of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) has revolutionized hepatitis C virus management, improving post-transplant prognosis by achieving sustained virological response (SVR) and reducing the burden of reinfection. However, challenges such as donor organ availability, immunosuppressive management, and comorbid conditions continue to influence LT success. Additionally, HCV-associated with cirrhosis was associated with increased possibility of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), further complicating patient selection and prognosis. Objective: This review explored the outcomes of LT in cases with HCV-related cirrhosis, highlighting the recurrence rates, graft survival, and long-term complications. : This review also examines the effect of HCV recurrence on graft function, fibrosis progression, & overall survival rates compared to other indications for LT. Methods: Data were collected from online review articles and papers from the PubMed, Science direct and Google scholar. We searched for Liver Cirrhosis, HCV, and Liver Transplantation. The authors also reviewed references from pertinent literature, however only the most recent or comprehensive studies from 2006 to 2024 were included. Documents in languages other than English were disqualified due to lack of translation-related sources. Papers such as unpublished manuscripts, oral presentations, conference abstracts, and dissertations that were not part of larger scientific studies were excluded. Conclusion Emerging therapeutic strategies, including antiviral prophylaxis and innovative immunosuppressive regimens, offer promising avenues for improving outcomes. Ultimately, while LT extends survival in HCV-related cirrhosis, long-term management remains critical to optimizing graft function and patient quality of life. Future investigation should focus on refining treatment protocols and addressing the evolving tests of hepatitis C virus in the post-transplant site.