Perioperative Effects of Neoadjuvant Androgen-deprivation Therapy Prior to Radical Prostatectomy: Comparative Study

The objective: to analyze effects of neoadjuvant androgen-deprivation therapy (NADT) prior to radical prostatectomy (RP) on perioperative outcomes with identification of it safety profile. Materials and methods. From January 2015 to December 2021, we collected retrospective data of patients with prostate cancer (PCa) who underwent RP to assess perioperative and pathological outcomes. The data included age, body mass index (BMI), serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, clinical stage, NADT usage, time of surgical intervention, estimated blood loss (EBL), perioperative complications, blood transfusion rate (BTR), length of hospital stay, pathological stage, Gleason score (GS) of the biopsy and pathological specimen, surgical margin and lymph node status. Results. Of the 175 RP’s performed, 84 (48%) were in NADT group and 91 (52%) were in comparison group. The time of surgical intervention, EBL, BTR, length of hospital stay did not differ statistically significantly between the groups. Nevertheless, rate of positive surgical margin (PSM) was statistically significant lower in NADT group (10.7 vs 52.7%, p < 0.001) rather than in comparison group. Conclusions. NADT prior to RP did not increase the rate of perioperative complications and did not significantly impact perioperative outcomes. However, it was associated with improved pathological outcomes.