ANALYSIS OF THE EFFICIENCY AND PROSPECTS OF APPLICATION OF UNMANNED MARITIME VEHICLES IN LOGISTICS SYSTEMS

Unmanned technologies play a key role in ensuring security, cargo delivery and monitoring of the marine environment, but their widespread adoption faces significant challenges, including unstable power supply, limited autonomy and complexity of routing. The article discusses the key aspects of the use of marine unmanned aerial vehicles (MAVs) in logistics systems, including their advantages, challenges, and development prospects. The focus is on the potential of maritime drones in various areas: cargo delivery, infrastructure monitoring, environmental control, and participation in rescue operations. An important aspect of the work is the proposed simplified mathematical model of route optimization, which minimizes delivery costs and increases the efficiency of logistics systems. Modern technologies related to the autonomy of drones, their integration with intelligent systems, and their role in smart logistics networks are analyzed. Considerable attention is paid to energy efficiency and the impact of UAS on reducing the ecological footprint. The challenges of introducing drones, including the lack of international regulations, cybersecurity requirements, and technical limitations, are also highlighted. Based on the analysis of successful practices in the shipping industry, the effectiveness of drones in reducing costs and increasing the accuracy of operations is emphasized. Further prospects for improving the autonomy of unmanned vehicles, developing network solutions for group management and integration with port infrastructure are proposed. The results of the study emphasize the need to establish international standards and regulations to ensure safety and environmental friendliness, as well as the development of energy-efficient solutions to create the foundation for deep integration of UAS into global logistics systems.