Collaborative Optimization of Shore Power and Berth Allocation Based on Economic, Environmental, and Operational Efficiency

When vessels are docked at ports, traditional auxiliary engines produce substantial pollutants and noise, exerting pressure on the port environment. Shore power technology, as a green, energy-efficient, and emission-reducing solution, can effectively mitigate ship emissions. However, its widespread adoption is hindered by challenges such as high costs, compatibility issues, and connection complexity. This study develops a multi-objective optimization model for the coordinated allocation of shore power and berth scheduling, integrating economic benefits, environmental benefits, and operational efficiency. The NSGA-III algorithm is employed to solve the model and generate a Pareto-optimal solution set, with the final optimal solution identified using the TOPSIS method. The results demonstrate that the optimized shore power distribution and berth scheduling strategy can significantly reduce ship emissions and port operating costs while enhancing overall port resource utilization efficiency. Additionally, an economically feasible shore power allocation scheme, based on 80% of berth capacity, is proposed. By accounting for variations in ship types, this study provides more targeted and practical optimization strategies. These findings offer valuable decision support for port management and contribute to the intelligent and sustainable development of green ports.