An Intelligent System Based on Arduino for Blood Leakage Detection

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health issue, requiring renal replacement therapies like haemodialysis for patient survival. However, the procedure carries risks, particularly blood leakage, which can lead to severe complications. This study presents the design and implementation of an intelligent system that continuously monitors blood leakage during haemodialysis using an Arduino Nano-based platform. The main components include: a photoelectric sensor, HC-05 Bluetooth module, and piezoelectric buzzer, all integrated to detect blood loss and trigger alarms. The photoelectric sensor identifies blood leakage by sensing interruptions in an infrared beam, with data transmitted wirelessly to a mobile application. When leakage is detected, visual and auditory alerts are generated, allowing for immediate intervention. This system highlights the potential for IoT-enabled medical monitoring to improve the quality of life for haemodialysis patients through real-time data transmission and remote supervision.