Optimisation of waste heat recovery in cylindrical automotive thermoelectric generator using metallic tri-hybrid nanofluids at dissimilar temperatures

The majority of energy in automobiles is wasted as heat through the cooling and exhaust systems. This waste heat can have a detrimental effect on engine performance and the climate. By incorporating the nanofluid concept as a waste heat recovery tool into the hollow cylindrical ATEG, we can convert this waste heat into power. The goal of the current study is to determine the best waste recovery method from metallic hybrid and ternary nanofluid at two distinct temperatures, such as 20 and 27 degrees Celsius. The ternary nanofluid employed in this study consists of metallic nanoparticles such as C u + W + A g / H 2 O . The MATLAB bvp4c solver is used to solve the partial differential equations numerically once they have been converted into a system of ordinary differential equations by similarity transformations. In the absence of specific factors, the results of this investigation show proportionality with previous findings. In the framework of electric, magnetic, heat source-sink, and radiation parameters, the study showed that C u + W + A g / H 2 O at 27 degrees Celsius and 20 degrees Celsius maintain a temperature differential across CATEG for increased magnetic and electric field parameters, and in this instance, the metallic hybrid nanofluids have less drag. Increasing the radiation parameter increases the efficiency of heat transfer of C u + W + A g / H 2 O at 20 degrees Celsius in a 5% volumetric fraction. The cold side temperature of CATEG is maintained by C u + W / H 2 O at 20 degrees Celsius and the hot side temperature by C u + W + A g / H 2 O at 20 and 27 degrees Celsius. Thus, the two nanofluid combination, ternary-hybrid acts as an effective waste heat recovery tool in CATEG, which guarantees conversion efficiency and output production. • Model used metallic nanofluids. • The best recovery tool is ternary-hybrid combination.