UMPS: A Unified Multi-Physics Simulation Framework for Photonic Device Thermal Management with Tri-Domain Integration

The wavelength instability of Distributed Feedback (DFB) lasers in telecommunication degrades system performance. While DFB lasers are popular for their stability in singlewavelength output generation, thermal fluctuation severely impacts them. Excessive heat also causes complete device failure. However, effective thermal management is a critical challenge in the design and operation of DFB lasers. The interaction among multiple properties of electrical, optical, and thermal domains makes it more challenging. To address this challenge, this study introduces a Unified MultiPhysics Simulation ( UMPS ) model that integrates electrical, optical, and thermal dynamics into a single, comprehensive framework. This innovative approach demonstrates the capability of accurate predictions of temperature distributions, identification of thermal hotspots, and optimization of thermal management strategies. The simulation conducted by the UMPS model captures both steady-state and transient thermal behaviors, providing valuable insights into how photonic devices respond to dynamic operating conditions. The proposed UMPS model not only advances the understanding of thermal dynamics in DFB lasers but also offers a versatile tool that can be applied to other photonic devices facing similar challenges. This model can potentially impact the design of next-generation photonic systems, ensuring their efficiency and reliability in increasingly demanding applications.