Hybrid Frequency Modulation LiDAR: Multi-Functional Measurement of Absolute Distance, Velocity, Vibration and Imaging

Multi-functional measurement of absolute distance, velocity, vibration, and imaging with one sensor is rare but important in industrial applications. In this article, a fusion light detection and ranging (LiDAR) system based on hybrid frequency modulation is reported for noncontact multi-functional measurement. The innovative frequency division multiplexing design of the proposed system facilitates rapid measurements of absolute distance, velocity, vibration, and imaging with only a single source. The unique common-path detection architecture allows for real-time compensation of environmental perturbations, ensuring high precision and stability despite the limited sweep bandwidth. The basic performances of the proposed system are evaluated experimentally, and extended applications in the motion tracking of quick vibration and the imaging of noncooperative targets are also demonstrated. With the advantages of multi-functional and noncontact measurement capability, anti-interference ability, high precision, and stability, the proposed system has potential applications in autonomous driving, intelligent robotics, and industrial manufacturing.