Optimization of PIDC Controller under Constraints on Robustness and Sensitivity to Measurement Noise for Load Frequency Control in Power Systems with Hydro Turbines

This paper presents a novel method for designing proportional-integral (PI) controller with a second order Compensator (PIDC controller) for load frequency control (LFC) in power systems with hydro turbines. The PIDC controller structure is suitably selected to incorporate factors from the power system model and is characterized by four parameters: k, k<inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">i</inf>, T<inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">f</inf> and ζ. The design procedure combines a pole placement approach with max(k) optimality criterion subject to constraints on robustness and sensitivity to measurement noise. The proposed method ensures zero steady-state frequency deviation and effective suppression of load disturbances, as quantified by the Integral of Absolute Error (IAE). The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated through simulation analysis on a single-machine power system with hydro turbines of different generated power.