Research on Cardiac Medical Image Segmentation Based on an Improved U-Net Model

This paper presents a cardiac MRI image segmentation model based on an improved U-Net architecture. Accurate segmentation of cardiac MRI images is critical for the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases, yet existing U-Net models exhibit limitations in handling complex cardiac structures and multi-scale features. To address these challenges, this paper proposes two key enhancements. First, we propose a Multi-Dimensional Context Attention module, designed to improve the integration of global and local information within the skip connections, thereby enhancing segmentation accuracy for intricate cardiac structures. Furthermore, we propose a Reverse Feature Modulation module, which generates reverse masks and dynamically adjusts feature weights across different classes using adaptive weighting, effectively mitigating class imbalance issues in multi-class segmentation tasks and improving focus on difficult-to-segment regions. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed model outperforms the standard U-Net on the ACDC dataset, achieving significant improvements in evaluation metrics such as the Dice coefficient. These enhancements underscore the model's efficacy and robustness in complex cardiac image segmentation tasks, offering new technical support for automated cardiovascular disease diagnosis.