STUDY OF CONTINUOUS BLOOD SUGAR CONTROL IN PREGNANT WOMEN WITH TYPE I DIABETES

The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of using continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems on glycemic control in women with type 1 diabetes who were pregnant or planning pregnancy. Materials and methods. From January 2023 to October 2024, a randomized trial was conducted at the Republican Clinical Hospital in Makhachkala, which involved 32 women with type 1 diabetes. The participants were divided into two groups: one using continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems in combination with capillary monitoring, and the other using capillary monitoring only. The main criterion for the effectiveness of the study is changes in HbA1c levels by the 34th week of pregnancy or the 24th week of pregnancy planning. Results. In the CGM group, there was a significant decrease in HbA1c levels by the 34th week of pregnancy: a decrease of -0.18% compared with the control group. The use of CGM helped to maintain glucose levels in the target range, which reduced fluctuations in glucose levels without increasing the amount of hypoglycemia or the total dose of insulin. Conclusions. CGM systems can effectively improve glycemic control in pregnant women and women planning pregnancy with type 1 diabetes. Wider adoption of CGMS is recommended, given their potential benefits for maternal and child health.