The Role of the Government and Innovation of Policy Tools in the Governance of Smart Education: An Interdisciplinary Analysis Based on Public Administration and Education Studie

In the current era of rapid advancement in information technology, smart education has become a key trend in the transformation of the education field. This study ingeniously integrates the unique perspectives of public administration and education science to conduct in-depth exploration of the roles played by the government and the innovation of policy tools in the process of smart education governance. Firstly, it comprehensively reviews the theoretical foundation upon which smart education governance is based, and then clearly defines the core functions of the government as a policy maker, resource allocator, and supervisor and evaluator. During the research process, it was keenly observed that in the current practice of smart education governance, there are a series of problems such as deviations in role positioning, obstacles in policy implementation, and low efficiency of collaborative governance. In terms of policy tool application, there are also many difficulties such as unreasonable structure, poor adaptability to actual situations, and insufficient innovation motivation. By using the literature research method, a large amount of materials were extensively consulted, and at the same time, the case analysis method was employed to deeply analyze the typical successful cases of smart education governance both at home and abroad, absorbing valuable experiences from them. Based on this, it is proposed that the government should reshape its role, transforming from an all-encompassing comprehensive type to a service-oriented one, strengthening policy implementation efforts, and actively promoting the collaborative governance model. At the same time, efforts should be made to innovate policy tools, optimize their structure, and enhance their compatibility with actual needs, constantly promoting innovation at the form and content levels.