Hamed-Troyansky, Vladimir. Empire of Refugees: North Caucasian Muslims and the Late Ottoman State. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2024. 360 Pages

The exile and settlement of North Caucasians in the Ottoman Empire is not well-studied in English academic literature. Vladimir Hamed-Troyansky’s book is a well-researched work that helps fill this gap in the literature. It explores various aspects of North Caucasian exile and settlement, analysing both state perspectives—through a wide range of archival sources—and the experiences of the displaced people. Particularly significant is its use of letters written by the refugees (muhacirs), which amplify their voices and integrate them into academic discourse for the first time.