Improved cytotoxic and optical characteristics of silver-doped TiO2 nanoparticles on human liver cancer cells

The unique properties of nano-sized metal oxide particles differ from those of their bulk counterparts, and they have numerous biomedical applications, particularly in innovative cancer treatments involving Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) production. This study utilized Ag-doped TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs), with Ag concentrations ranging from 5% to 20%, to assess their cytotoxicity on human liver cancer cells (HepG2). Characterization results revealed that the doping of Ag did not alter the brookite and rutile phases of TiO2 NPs, although the band gap decreased as the doping concentration increased. In addition, the cytotoxic activity was improved with high doping levels which are owing to enhanced optical factor. The findings recommend that Ag-doped TiO2 NPs encourage cytotoxic effect on HepG2 cells.